作者

Xiong   SS,Wang XR,Han KK,Tang JQ,Lu WT,Kong XY,Fan R,Sun XL,Ji YL,Wu K,Guo DD,Wan Z,Xun JN,Jiao S,Zhai H

发表年度

2025

刊物名称

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

摘要

Soybean   [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds are a rich source of high-quality protein and   edible oil,and their foliage supports the rearing of the economically   significant insect,'Doudan'. This study utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to edit the   GmFT2a and GmFT5a genes,resulting in soybean germplasm with enhanced grain   and forage traits. Under short-day conditions,the double mutant ft2a ft5a   showed significant increases in grain yield and yield-related traits,   including main stem nodes,branching,and pod count per plant. Under long-day   conditions,the double mutant exhibited a substantial increase in total   vegetative biomass,with prolonged vegetative growth,larger leaves,and   increased branching and nodes. The soluble protein and soluble sugar contents   remained unchanged, while phenylalanine levels increased and tannin content   decreased, which is beneficial for Doudan feeding. The ft2a ft5a double   mutant is suitable for both grain and forage soybeans. We further revealed   the molecular basis for the influence of GmFT2a and GmFT5a on soybean   architecture. GmFT2a and GmFT5a proteins interact with each other and with   Dt2 and SOC1a critical genes for branching and stem growth in soybeans. This   interaction forms a complex that potently activates the downstream GmAp1s   gene expression. The simultaneous mutation of GmFT2a and GmFT5a significantly   downregulates GmAp1s expression, impacting soybean plant architecture.   Overall, this study not only identifies the dual role of GmFT2a and GmFT5a in   soybean yield and biomass but also uncovers their molecular interactions with   Dt2 and SOC1a, providing a foundation for the genetic enhancement of soybean   varieties tailored for both grain and forage production, underscoring the   potential for improving agricultural sustainability and economic value.